【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《引言的作用》，欢迎阅读！
引言的作用 通过介绍研究课题的有关情况，引起读者的兴趣； 将讨论聚焦到某个问题或层面上； 回顾相关的研究文献； 讨论以往相关研究的不足； 对某一课题的某一方面提出新的、不同的研究方法。 3-4 有时独立出来==文献回顾部分 The Six Stages of Introductions 1. General statements about a field of research to provide the reader with a setting for the problem to be reported. (===the research background引出研究课题；聚焦课题) 2.More specific statements about the aspects of the problem already studied by other researchers.(==literature review文献回顾) 3.Statements that indicate the need for more investigation. +(augumentation/ hypothesis)讨论前人研究的不足 4. Very specific statements giving the purpose or objectives of the writer’s study (the present study提出新的研究方法) 5. Optional statements that give a value or justification for carrying out the present study.新的研究意义、价值 6. The organization of the present paper. (outlines how the paper will be organized or designed and presented in the paper).新研究的提纲 科技文献有几个部分 1.The Front Matter: The front matter consists of any or all of the following elements: A. Abstract; (separate part) B. Approval sheet; C. Title page; (or: Copyright page) D. Table of Contents/List of figures E. Acknowledgements F. Preface ect 2.The Body (Text): The text consists the following: A. Introduction; B. Literature review; C. Statement of the Problem; D. Methods and Materials; E. Results and Findings; F. Discussion and Conclusion 3.The End Matter: The end matter consists of any or all of the following elements : A. An Appendix; B. A Glossary; C. Endnotes; D. Acknowledgements; E. References;( A Bibliography) 标题（title）摘要（abstract）引言（introduction）正文（body）结束语(conclusion)致谢（acknowledgement）参考文献（reference）附录（appendix） Linguistic Features of Abstract There are four linguistic features of abstract: 1) Limited Length 2) Categories of Abstracts 3) Complete Content 4) Formalized Structure Categories of Abstracts A. Descriptive (Indicative) Abstracts A descriptive abstract usually states the general subject matter of the document that follows. It tells in a qualitative way what the paper or report contains. B. Informational Abstracts资料性摘要适用于专题研究论文和实验报告型论文。它应该尽量完整和准确的体现原文的具体内容，特别强调指出研究的方法和结果、结论等。其篇幅较长，大多在150—250字之间。根据原文长度，也有多达500字的。简要叙述以下四部分内容： (1) 研究的对象和目的(做什么？为什么做？) (2) 过程和方法(怎样做？) (3) 结果或成果(发现什么？) (4) 结论及研究价值、应用等(说明什么？) C. Informational-indicative Abstracts An information-indicative abstract is a combined form that bears specific information about the principal findings and results and general information about the rest of the document. This type of abstract offers fewer details, instead, giving emphasis to the author’s chief contribution Writing Requirements for Abstract 1) Integrity完整 2) Concise精炼 3) Consistency连贯性 4) Concentration突出重点 The Formula原则 Abstract=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5 Q1: What is the general knowledge of your topic in the academic field? A1(background) Q2: What research topic is the paper to focus on? A2(main topic) Q3: What method or material do you use to support your main point of view? A3(Specific investigations) Q4: What conclusion will you draw? A4(Result and suggestion) Q5: What is the main contribution of the paper? A5(conclusion and contribution A1 to Q1 (one sentence) A2 to Q2 (one topic sentence, one or two supporting sentences that set forth the research topic if necessary) A3to Q3 (two or three sentences to give specific information about the research) 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/02ff41345aeef8c75fbfc77da26925c52cc59194.html
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2023-04-18
