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有关青少年逆反心理的调适的探析中英文对照 On the adjustment of adolescents psychological reactance in Chinese and English 通过前面对青少年逆反心理实质、活动和机制以与原因的分析,我们认为青少年逆反心理的调适可以从以下方面进行。 Through the front analysis of Adolescents Psychological Reactance essence of the activities and mechanisms, as well as the reason, we believe that the adjustment of adolescents psychological reactance can be carried out from the following aspects. 1、加强教育者指导思想的转变,充分尊重被教育者。从形式上看,教育和被教育者之间是一对矛盾性的存在,实质上这两者是一致的。这是因为我们教育的目的或目标都是有利于被教育者健康的成长和发展,这和被教育者的愿望是一致的。并且教育和被教育者是一种相互依存的关系,被教育者需要我们的指导，教育者教育指导的作用又具体在被教育者的有效社会化和不断提高健康发展能力方面实现。正确解决这一关系与在指导思想上树立热爱教育工作特别是热爱思想教育工作的意识，就会在我们的教育内容、形式和方法上做到积极探索，敬业工作尊重青少年。进而才会减少青少年的心理反感，削弱和消除逆反心理。 1, strengthen education were the guiding ideology, and fully respect the educators. From the formal point of view, a pair of contradiction exists between education and the educated, the essence of these two are consistent. This is because our purpose or goal of education is conducive to the growth and development of education, health, the educators and the desire to be consistent. And education and the educated is a kind of interdependence, educators need our guidance, education, education guidance role in the effective and specific the educated society and constantly improve the healthy development of the ability to achieve. The correct solution to this relationship and the guiding ideology of establishing love education especially love the work of ideological education of consciousness, will be actively explored in our educational contents, forms and methods, dedicated work of respect for young people. Turn will reduce adolescent psychological aversion, weaken and eliminate reverse psychology. 2、加强感情投入，密切教育者和被教育者的关系。无论是心理学理论还是大量的社会现实都在说明，感情是一只无形的手，推动着人们的行为倾向和一些做法。有些事情并非顺理成章，并非符合科学要求，但由于感情的因素，无形地左右着人们的某些行为，这就是情感魅力。对于生理、生理均不成熟的青少年来说，在其行为意向和决策中，受感情因素影响很大，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么，好感与否、直接影响着他们的行为。有经验的教育工作者们都有体会，学生们的学习热情很高，很大程度上是因为喜欢某个老师的结果。如果我们教育者在感情上与被教育者多些相容、多些亲近，相信在青少年心理上就不会再有那种厌恶、背离、逆反心理自然就会淡化或消除了。 2, strengthen the emotional investment, close the educator and the educated. Psychological theory or whether it is a lot of social reality in the description, emotion is an invisible hand, promote people's behavioral tendencies and practices. Some things are not logical, not meet the scientific requirements, but emotional factors, invisible to people about a certain behavior, which is emotional appeal. For the physical, physiological and young people are not mature, in their behavioral intentions and decisions, is affected by the emotional factors, what they like, what doesn't love, good or not, directly influence their behavior. Experienced educators who have the experience, the students' learning enthusiasm high, largely because, like the results of a teacher. If we educators and the educated to more compatible, more emotionally, I believe that young people no longer have the kind of psychological aversion, deviation, rebellious nature will be weakened or eliminated. 3、加强同辈群体的指导。任何群体都会对个体产生一种心理压力，这种压力或者说是一种生存、生长环境对人的压力作用。积极的群体对个体的正常心理产生的则是一种动摇力量。为此，加强对同辈群体的正确指导。与时发现不良风气并做到尽早扭转是防范逆反心理和不良习气滋生、扩大有效手段。特别是对同辈群体中“领袖人物”者有效控制和指导，则更是必要的。 3, strengthen peer group guidance. Any group will produce a psychological pressure on the individual, this kind of pressure or a kind of survival, growth environment on people's pressure. Normal psychological active groups on the individual production is a power shake. Therefore, to strengthen the correct guidance to peer group. Discover the bad mood and do as soon as possible to reverse is antagonistic mentality and bad habits to prevent the breeding, effective means to expand. Especially the peer group "leaders " effective control and guidance, it is necessary to. 4、加强对社会文化现象的分析和导向。面对社会错综复杂的文化现象和社会问题，青少年往往还未具备正确的认知能力，常常是因为好奇心驱使进行模仿，难以辨清其实质或其中蕴含着的积极、合理因素。这就需要我们教育者与时、有效、准确地把握这些现象和问题，把它提出来置于被教育者面前，深刻分析其实质和其中的合理成份，帮助青少年建构正确的认知，避免盲目的追随。这也可预防、消除逆反心理。 4, strengthen the analysis and orientation on the social culture phenomenon. In the face of cultural phenomena and social problems perplexing society, young people tend to not have the cognitive ability to correct, often because of curiosity to imitate, difficult to distinguish positive and reasonable factors, its essence or which contains. This requires that we educators timely, effective, accurate grasp of these phenomena and problems, it is proposed to be placed in front of education, a profound analysis of the real and the rational elements, help young people build a correct cognition, avoid blindly follow. It also can prevent, eliminate the reverse psychology. 5、积极、鼓励代替简单、粗暴的教育方式。常言道：良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行。可社会心理学家却认为：在人们的心灵深入，最渴望他人的赞美。赞美是一种鼓励，它在人们心屡深处植入的是信心和力量，播种的是奋进向上的种子；它是一种兴奋剂，让人更加充满活力和精神；赞美还是一种认可，一种肯定，能使人们坚定发展的方向。我认为，多一种鼓励，就少一个背离者；多一句赞美，就有可以把摇摆不定的青少年拉入我们期望的行列。相反，批评虽然可以帮助受教育者认识错误，但其心理是不悦的，至于粗暴的批评，更是一种适得其反的做法。为此，对青少年逆反心理的调适采用少些批评多些鼓励、少些训斥多些赞美，不啻是个好办法。 5, positive, encouraging instead of a simple, rough education mode. As the saying goes: good medicine is bitter. Conducive to disease, faithful words grate upon the ear. But social psychologists thought : deep in people's minds, the most eager to praise others. Praise is an incentive, it is confidence and strength in people heart the repeated deep implantation, sowing the seeds of endeavour up; it is a stimulant, make people more energetic and spirit; praise or a kind of recognition, a kind of affirmation, people can make a firm development. I think, a kind of encouragement, the less of a departure from the person; a compliment, it can put the irresolute youth into the ranks of our expectations. In contrast, though the criticism can help learners understand the error, but the psychology is unhappy, as violent criticism, it is a practice run 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/c206dfeafa0f76c66137ee06eff9aef8941e48bd.html
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2024-03-31
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