【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《《外语教学法》第七章 自然法》，欢迎阅读！
第七章 自然法 重点、常考点解析 1.产生的时间 The Natural Approach was proposed in 1977 by Tracy Terrell. 1977年，特雷西·特雷尔提出了自然法。 2.Contribution of Stephen Krashen and Terrell Stephen Krashen 和Terrell的贡献In 1983,Stephen Krashen and Terrell,their joint effort came out a book The Natural Approach Acquisition in the classroom ,which states the principles ans practices of The Natural Approach. 1983年他们共同努力，合著出版了《自然法：课堂章的语言习得》一书，阐明了自然法的原则和实践。 3.Krashen and Terrell ‘view 克拉申和特雷尔的观点 Krashen and Terrell see communication as the primary function of language and since their approach focuses on teaching communication abilities,they identify the Natural Approach with the Communicative Approach .What Krashen and Terrelll emphasize in their approach is the primacy of meaning .They stress the importance of vocabulary ,suggesting that a language is essentially its lexicon .Grammar has only the insignificant function of determining how words are used to covery meaning.克拉申和特雷尔认为交际法语言的首要功能。由于他们的教学法重点是培养学生的交际能力，自然法和交际法是一致的。克拉申和特雷尔在自然法中强调了意义的重要作用。他们强调词汇的重要性，认为语言的基础是词汇。语法仅具有次要的功能，它只是确定如何用词汇来表达意思。 4.Monitor Model 自我监控模式 The monitor model is the center of Krashen ‘s second language learning theory .Krashen ‘s monitor model od second language development distinguishes two distinct processes in second and foreign language development and use ,one is called “acquisition”,The second process ,called “learning “.自我监测模式是克拉申第二语言学习理论的中心，克拉申的第二语言习得中自我监测模式区分了获得和使用第二语言和外语中的两个性质截然不同的过程，一个是“习得”另一个是“学习”。 5.克拉申的理论包括五个基本假设 1）The acquisition ---learning hypothesis.(习得—学习假说) 2）The monitor hypothesis (自我监测假说) 3）The natural order hypothesis (自然顺序假说) 4）The input hypothesis (语言输入假说) 5）The effective filter hypothesis(情感过滤器假说) 6.Krashen identifies three kinds of affective variables related to second language acquiosition (1)Motivation ;(2)Self-condidence;(3)Anxiety 克拉申确定三种可变的情感因素与第二语言习得有关：（1）动机；（2）自信；（3）忧虑。 7.自然法的主要特征： （1）Class time is devoted primarily to providing input for acquisition; (2)The teacher speaks only the target language in the classroom ,Students may use either the first or second language .If they choose to respect in the second language ,their errors are not corrected unless meaning is affected ; (3)Homework may include formal grammar work .Eorrors are corrected; (4)Activities may involve the use of a certain structure,but the goals are to enable students to talk about ideas,perform tasks,and solve problems. (1)课堂时间应主要提供有助于习得的语言输入； （2）教师在课堂上只能讲目标语，学生则可以使用母语或目标语，如果他们选择用目标语来回答问题时，除非影响到意义的理解和表达时，才会被纠正。 （3）家庭作业包括正式的语法结构，错误也要被纠正； （4）语言活动可以包括某些语法结构的运用，但目的是使学生发表意见，完成任务和解决问题。 8. The Natural Approach Objective自然法的目的 The Natural Approach is primarily designed to develop basic communication skills ---both oral and written ---and is designed to help beginners become intermediates.设计自然法的目的是培养基本的语言交际能力和书面语表达能力，帮助初级学习者逐步过渡到中级水平。 9.The disadvantages of The Natural Approach (自然法的缺点) （1）The Natural Approach ignores many factors essentical in second language course design.(自然法对第二语言教学课程设计的根本因素不予考虑) （2）It simply borrows techniques from other methods .(自然法仅仅吸收了其他教学法的技巧) （3）There is nothing novel about its procedures and techniques.(在教学技巧和步骤上并没有新奇之处； （4）There are still many problems in the research method.(在研究方法上仍然存在很多问题)。 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/c1e70af4f61fb7360b4c6524.html
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2023-01-06
