英语学科知识重点归纳

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英语学科知识重点归纳

一、引导词

1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词thatthat引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that)they would help us through the whole work.

2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词ifwhether,表示“是否”。在 whether or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。例句:I don't know if there will be a bus any more.

3. 从句为特殊疑问句,常选择whatwhenwherewhichwhohow等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句:He didn't tell me when we should meet again. 二、判断时态情况:

1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。 2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。

注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。

例句:He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect . 三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序

陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。

错误:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. 正确:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. 注意:宾语从句的否定转移

主句的谓语动词是thinkbelieveimaginesupposeconsiderexpectfancyguess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。例如:I don't think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won't come to my party. 初中英语必备知识 动词

(1) 动词的时态: 一般现在时

一般现在时的主要用法有两点:其一表示一经常发生的动作,如: I always go to scho

ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理,事实,如: The earth moves around the sun.

现在完成时


现在完成时的主要用法有两点:其一表示某一动作发生于过去,并持续下来,到现在完成。如: I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某动作发生于过去并已结束,但其影响到现在。如: I havent had my lunch. Im hungry now. 与现在完成时连用的词语有:yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。 其考查要点:

其一: Have been表示曾经去过,如:I have been to America twice. 此话的人应已经回到国内。而He has gone to Japan.则此人目前已到日本去了。 其二:截止性动词可以有现在完成时,但不可与表示一段长度的词连用,如: The clas

s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes. 一般过去时

表示过去发生的动作,过去的习惯或反复发生的动作。如: Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 与过去时连用的时间状语有: at that time, ago, in 1949 just now (刚才) last night, yesterday

一般将来时

纯将来时的表示法: shall/will+动词原形 例: Ill leave for Shanghai this evening. 表示按计划要做或可能做的事: be going to+动词原形 例: Im going to help you tonight. 将来时的特殊表示法

a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving 例: Dont worry. Im coming. b. be about to+动词原形

例: He is about to leave, when the telephone rings. c. 状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来

例: If it rains tomorrow I wont go to the party. 初中英语知识 句型

(1) 宾语从句:

由疑问代词或副词引出的宾语从句

例: Could you tell me where the post office is? Could you tell me what he said? (whatsaid的宾语) that引出的宾语从句

例: They said that they would give me some help. (that 仅作引导词) 宾语从句中的疑问句要用陈述语序。


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